Understanding the shift from Procedural (Functions & Data) to Object-Oriented (Objects & Behaviors)
Focuses on writing functions/methods that perform operations on data. Program execution follows a linear top-down flow.
Focuses on creating objects that encapsulate both data (fields) and behaviors (methods) together.
| Feature | Procedural Paradigm (POP) | Object-Oriented Paradigm (OOP) |
|---|---|---|
| Approach | Top-down approach | Bottom-up approach |
| Core Unit | Functions / Procedures | Objects & Classes |
| Data Access | Data is often public and accessible across functions | Data is private and accessed via methods (Encapsulation) |
| Reusability | Limited (Requires copying/modifying code) | High (Utilizes Inheritance and Polymorphism) |
| Primary Java Role | Static utility methods (e.g., Math.max()) |
Standard Java design pattern (Classes, Blueprints, Domain Models) |